Using AI in Peer Review Is a Breach of Confidentiality
Examining Taiwan’s pandemic response through a human rights lens sheds light on a more complex relationship between the collective right to health and life, and the individual rights to health, work, privacy, and liberty during the pandemic.
人工智慧可以基於資料進行運算,從人類的行為中推測出其健康情形,即使該等人類行為與健康情形不盡然有直接關係,亦然。同樣地,人工智慧時代中各種數位科技的運用,可以監控特定個人的位置並據以追蹤傳染性疾病,也可以從個人消費紀錄中辨識出懷孕的顧客,甚至可以從社群網站的資料辨別出潛在自殺者。換言之,現代人的網路生活特性,使得上述推測、監控與追蹤成真,無論是社群網站、智慧型手機、穿戴裝置,以及其他各種主動提供個人資料或被動繳出個人資料紀錄的行為模式,都因此製造了「潛力無窮」的數位足跡。
雖然AI與過往科技有相當的類似性,都加速了社會資源與人才流動的M型化,並帶來更多關於人權、隱私與倫理的挑戰,但是仍有若干重要的本質差異。本文嘗試提出,這些AI的特質使得科技參與社會發展有機會開展出「AI公共化」的新方向。
Human excellences such as intelligence, morality, and consciousness are investigated by philosophers as well as AI researchers. One excellence that has not been widely discussed by AI researchers is practical wisdom. In this paper, I explain why artificial wisdom matters and how artificial wisdom is possible by responding to two philosophical challenges to building artificial wisdom systems.